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CHAPTER 2 EXACTLY WHAT IS HEAT TREATMENT DOING Every thing you touch, see, taste, smell or think about, was manufactured, or produced in some method that has been touched by heat treated tool steel in its journey to you.
CHAPTER 3 THE FURNACE ROOM TOOLS BASICS OUTLINE THE FURNACE THE TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES TEMPERATURE PYROMETER HAND TOOLS TONGS PIZZA SERVER SHOVEL COOLING RACK WATER QUENCHING OIL QUENCHING TEMPERING FURNACE
CHAPTER 4 SURFACE PROTECTION DECARBURIZATION CARBURIZING 1. DO NOTHING AND GRIND THE SURFACE CLEAN 2. VACUUM OR ATMOSPHERIC CONTROL A. STAINLESS STEEL FOIL B. DIAMOND BLOCK C. DECARB PAINTS
CHAPTER 5 THE RECIPE FOR HEAT TREATING D2 TOOL STEEL LOADING THE FURNACE PREHEAT CYCLE DEFINITION: TRANSFORMATION Austenite structure to a Martensite structure. DISTORTION FACTS TEMPERATURE GRADIENT IN STEEL SOAK TIME THE QUENCH CYCLE STRAIGHTENING FIRST TEMPER SECOND TEMPER CARBIDE FORMATION CHAPTER 6 THE RECIPE FOR HEAT TREATING A2 TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 7 THE RECIPE FOR HEAT TREATING A6 TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 8 THE RECIPE FOR HEAT TREATING H13 TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 9 THE RECIPE FOR HEAT TREATING S7 TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 10 HEAT TREATING M2 HIGH SPEED TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 11 HEAT TREATING 4140 MEDIUM ALLOY STEEL
CHAPTER 12 HEAT TREATING 01 OIL HARDENING TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 13 HEAT TREATING W1 WATER HARDENING TOOL STEEL
CHAPTER 14 CRYOGENICS An old answer to problems gets rediscovered. ITS VALUE FOR NON-DISCOLORATION STRESS RELIEF COMMERCIAL CRYOGENICS LIQUID NITROGEN DRY ICE
CHAPTER 15 GRINDING GUIDELINES Avoid grinding abuse and learn how to select the right wheel and the right speed.
CHAPTER 16 GOOD DESIGN PRACTICES Avoiding distortion starts on the drawing board. Learn how size change after heat treating can ruin a tool. Simple tool design practices that can save you time and money. 1. Excessive stress eliminated. EVERY APPLICATION IS DIFFERENT AND MUST STAND ON ITS OWN. THEREFORE, WORKING TOOLS MUST BE DESIGNED TO MEET EACH APPLICATION ON ITS OWN TERMS . 2. Allowing proper clearances. Learn how to tell if there is danger to a tool in working operation by reading these edges. A. Care must be exercised to avoid all sharp internal corners.
CHAPTER 17 WELDING TOOL STEELS WELDING METHODS WELDING PRE HEAT AND POST HEAT TEMPERATURE
CHAPTER 18 EDM EFFECTS What is "EDM WHITE LAYER". Where does it come from? What should you do with it? Compression or cutting edge usage differences.
CHAPTER 19 TOOL STEEL SELECTION Is there a perfect grade for every application? Probably not, but this easy to understand aid will give you a nearly fool proof system to chose the best potential one. It will also reinforce your correct selections. The one point that needs emphasis is this: If you have a tool steel used for an application that repeatedly fails, do not automatically change grades until you answer these questions. 1. Was the application designed correctly, or are there ways to improve the design? 2. Was the heat treatment done correctly and was the equipment calibrated correctly? 3. Was the proper maintenance done on the tool? 4. Was the failure caused by using the tool correctly? 5. If it appears there is a better choice of steel grade, does it meet the application priorities?
Information given follows guidelines as published by: AMERICAN SOCIETY for METALS (ASM), AMERICAN IRON and STEEL INSTITUTE (AISI), SOCIETY of AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE) ASTM SPECIFICATIONS. THE SELECTOR TARGET AIMS YOU TOWARD THE RIGHT WAY TO HIT THE TARGET Two major divisions: COLD WORKING and HOT WORKING TOOL STEELS Four directions send you toward the logical selection. Heat Resistance Tool Steels Wear Resistance Tool Steels General Purpose Tool Steels Shock Resistance Tool Steels SHOCK RESISTANCE (CHARPY) COMPARISON CHART TOOL STEEL MACHINABILITY RATING WEAR RESISTANCE RATINGS
CHAPTER 20 A COLLECTION OF HELPFUL HINTS AND TIDBITS TO SAVE MONEY 1. S7 SAVINGS 2. MULTIPLE FURNACES AVAILABLE 3. FLASH OIL QUENCH AND MARTEMPERING 4. EXTENDING TOOL LIFE 5. MULTIPLE FURNACES AVAILABLE 6. FLASH OIL QUENCH AND MARTEMPERING 7. EXTENDING TOOL LIFE 8. STAMPING DIES 9. PLASTIC INJECTION MOLDS 10. FLATNESS HELP ON THIN CROSS SECTIONS 11. STRESS RELIEVING/ANNEALING 12. OVERCOOKED PARTS CAN BE SALVAGED EASILY 13. DANGEROUS TEMPERING 14. BLUE BRITTLENESS 15. TEMPER EMBRITTLEMENT 16. DIE CARE AND MAINTENANCE 17. RECORD KEEPING
REFERENCES The book is the result of conducting over 250 seminars for all types and sizes of industries, SME Chapters and Vocational Schools, companies such as:
General Electric (5 divisions), EG&G, Norton Industries (2 divisions), Bridgeport Metals Goods, Watts Fluid Air, Webster Valve, Sturm Ruger, Kollsman Instruments, Burndy Corp (2 divisions), Osram Sylvania (GTE) (7 divisions), Freudenberg NOK (3 divisions), Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Engine, Union Carbide (2 divisions), Bath Iron Works, Teradyne, Thompson Center Arms, Harvard Industries, Ferrofluidics, Sprague Electric (2 divisions), Seth Thomas Clocks, Amp Special Industries (2 divisions), Cone Blanchard, Markem Corp, Moore Business Forms, Crosby Laughlin Group, GS Signal, Edwards Engineering, Anchor Electric, Joy Manufacturing, Spaulding Fibre Co., Midstate Machine, Vermont Gage, and over 200 more! GENERAL INFORMATIONThis book has been purchased by companies and individuals from all over the world. By the guy who does the heat treating to graduate metallurgist. Because the book is written in layman’s language, and avoids metallurgical mumbo-jumbo, we have received countless telephone calls and letters of thanks from people who have read the book and gained a better appreciation of the heat treating process. It is common to see repeat orders from customers for copies to be given to friends, co-workers or family members. We have received many specific questions about processes not covered in the book and always try to help those in need. If we don't know, we try to steer to those who do. If you have a question, we may be able to help. Leave us an e-mail message and we will do our best to offer you a suggestion.
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